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DiseaseHematology

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Recall: Pathophysiology ยท S/Sx ยท Gold Standard Dx ยท First-line Tx ยท Pearl

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DiseaseHematology

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Pathophysiology
โ†“ iron stores โ†’ โ†“ hemoglobin synthesis โ†’ microcytic, hypochromic anemia; chronic blood loss is the most common cause.
S/Sx
Fatigue, pallor, dyspnea; pica, koilonychia, glossitis; history of menorrhagia or GI bleeding.
Gold Standard Dx
Microcytic anemia (โ†“ MCV); โ†“ ferritin (most specific), โ†“ serum iron, โ†‘ TIBC.
First-line Tx
Oral iron supplementation; identify and treat the source of blood loss.

Low ferritin is the most specific test; unexplained IDA in men and postmenopausal women needs bidirectional endoscopy.