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System

Card 1 of 6

DiseaseMusculoskeletal

Osteoarthritis

Recall: Pathophysiology · S/Sx · Gold Standard Dx · First-line Tx · Pearl

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DiseaseMusculoskeletal

Pathophysiology: Mechanical “wear-and-tear” cartilage degradation → joint-space narrowing and osteophytes.
S/Sx: Activity-related joint pain that improves with rest, brief morning stiffness (<30 min), Heberden/Bouchard nodes.
Gold Standard Dx: Clinical + X-ray (joint-space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis); normal inflammatory markers.
First-line Tx: Exercise/weight loss, topical/oral NSAIDs & acetaminophen; intra-articular steroids; joint replacement.

OA: brief stiffness (<30 min), worse with use. RA: prolonged stiffness, better with use.