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PANCE Body Systems
  • Cardiovascular
    11%
  • Pulmonary
    9%
  • Gastrointestinal/Nutrition
    8%
  • Musculoskeletal
    8%
  • Neurology
    7%
  • Infectious Disease
    7%
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    6%
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    5%
  • Renal
    5%
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PANCE® is a registered trademark of the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA). This application is an independent study resource and is not affiliated with, sponsored by, or endorsed by the NCCPA.

For educational use only. Content is AI-generated, may contain errors, and is not medical advice — always verify against current primary sources and faculty guidance before clinical use.

Flashcards

Active recall over every profile. Pick a scope, reveal, and self-grade — “Again” sends a card back to the end of the deck.

Card 1 of 4
DiseaseRenal

Nephrolithiasis

Recall: Pathophysiology · S/Sx · Gold Standard Dx · First-line Tx · Pearl

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DiseaseRenal

Nephrolithiasis

Pathophysiology
Urinary supersaturation → stone formation (calcium oxalate is most common).
S/Sx
Sudden severe colicky flank pain radiating to the groin, hematuria, N/V, restlessness.
Gold Standard Dx
Non-contrast CT abdomen/pelvis (gold standard); ultrasound in pregnancy.
First-line Tx
Hydration + analgesia (NSAIDs); medical expulsive therapy (tamsulosin); urology if large/obstructing.

Stones <5 mm usually pass; obstruction with infection is a urologic emergency.