Rheumatoid Arthritis

Musculoskeletal · ~8% of blueprint

Pathophysiology: Autoimmune synovial inflammation (pannus) → symmetric erosive polyarthritis.
Signs & Symptoms: Symmetric small-joint pain/swelling (MCP, PIP, wrists), morning stiffness >1 h, fatigue; spares the DIP.
Gold Standard Diagnosis: RF & anti-CCP (specific), ↑ ESR/CRP; X-ray erosions; ACR/EULAR criteria.
First-line Treatment: Early DMARD — methotrexate first-line; biologics if inadequate; NSAIDs/steroids as a bridge.

High-Yield Pearl

Anti-CCP is the most specific antibody; start DMARDs early to prevent joint erosion.

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