- 🔬Pathophysiology
- Skin-barrier dysfunction + Th2 immune dysregulation → chronic relapsing inflammation; part of the atopic triad.
- 🩺Signs & Symptoms
- Pruritic, erythematous, scaly patches in flexural areas (antecubital/popliteal); chronic lichenification.
- 🎯Gold Standard Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis — pruritus + typical morphology/distribution + a chronic relapsing course.
- 💊First-line Treatment
- Emollients + topical corticosteroids; topical calcineurin, PDE-4 or JAK inhibitors; trigger avoidance.